1 Phase: Navigating outside the coastal area in the 2 sea.

The 1 (IMO) was established by United Nations Convention in 1948. The Convention actually entered into force in 1959, although an international convention on marine pollution was adopted in 1954. The 2 Services (RTCM) is a non-profit organization which serves as a focal point for the exchange of information and the development of recommendations and standards related to all aspects of maritime radiocommunications and radionavigation. The 3 (NMEA) is a professional trade association founded in 1957 whose purpose is to coordinate the efforts of marine electronics manufacturers, technicians, government agencies, ship and boat builders, and other interested groups

1 Phase: Navigating within 50 miles of the coast or inshore of the 200-meter depth 2 .

The 1 (IEC) was founded in 1906 as an outgrowth of the International Electrical Congress held at St. Louis, Missouri in 1904. Some 60 countries are active members. The 2 (abbreviated as NOAA) is a scientific and regulatory agency within the United States Department of Commerce that forecasts weather, monitors oceanic and atmospheric conditions, charts the seas, conducts deep sea exploration, and manages fishing and protection of marine mammals and endangered species in the U.S. exclusive economic zone

A 1 or ① of latitude is a circle on the surface of the Earth ① to the plane of the equator. It connects all points of equal latitude. The 2 is a great circle at latitude 0°. The poles are single points at latitude 90°. All other parallels are small circles.

The 1 refer to various methods of mathematically determining course, distance, and position. They have a history almost as old as mathematics itself. Thales, Hipparchus, Napier, Wright, and others contributed the formulas that permit computation of course and distance by plane, traverse, parallel, middle latitude, Mercator, and great circle①

In 1884, the meridian of Greenwich was officially established as the 1 . Today, all maritime nations have designated the Greenwich meridian the ①, except in a few cases where local references are used for specific harbour charts

Regardless of satellite-based navigation, 1 navigation uses 2 to determine position through a variety of electronic devices.

The underlying concept that led to development of satellite navigation dates to 1957 and the first launch of an artificial satellite into orbit. The first system, NAVSAT, has been replaced by the far more accurate and widely available 1 (GPS), which has revolutionized all aspects of navigation.

某船以磁羅經測一目標為102°，當地磁差為7° W，又以電羅經測同一目標，得目標方位104°，已知電羅經誤差為1° E，則磁羅經自差為幾度？

下列何者為具有存取、顯示與管理電子海圖資料庫之功能的設備？

在任何地方磁子午與地理子午線間所形成夾角，並用偏東或偏西若干指示磁北與真北之度數所在之方向稱之為？

某一地方月球中天與下一次高潮發生之時間間隙稱為下列何者？

下列何種衛星定位系統採用同步衛星的方式定位？

已知一天體的地理位置為GP，觀測者位置為M，當時測得此天體的觀測高度為Ho，則下列何者為此天體的等高圈？

S-57是規範下列何種設備的標準？

關於向量式電子海圖的優點，下列何者有誤？

IALA側面標誌的航道走向，是以船舶從海上進港的方向區分左右與浮標顏色，但在沿岸航行的側面標誌航道中，可從海圖上的下列何者圖例得知航道走向？

下列有關推算航法的敘述，何者正確？

回音測深儀由四個部份所組成，下述何者不是其組成？

北半球的冬季星空，Procyon（南河三）屬於下列哪一個星座？

某港口水道有跨海大橋，相關資料如下：海圖基準面為MLW，高度基準面為MHW，垂直間隙139呎，圖示水深24呎，平均潮差5呎。今有一船舶吃水22呎，桅頂高於水面140呎，且船長要求桅頂距橋面下至少1呎的安全距離。試問若欲安全自橋下通過，可容許之潮高的最大值為何？

關於航海日誌的航行記載項目，下列何者不包括在內?

下列何者為港口指定船舶錨泊地的符號？

1 (DR) determines position by advancing a known position for courses and distances. A position so determined is called a ① (DR) position. It is generally accepted that only course and speed determine the DR position. Correcting the DR position for leeway, current effects, and steering error result in an 2 (EP).

未經鎮偏作用的旋轉儀(Gyroscope)位於北緯，旋轉軸北端指向正北，則經12小時後，此旋轉儀之北端指向何方？

未經鎮偏作用的旋轉儀(Gyroscope)位於北緯，旋轉軸北端指向正北，則經12小時後，此旋轉儀之北端指向何方？

A 1 is the line of intersection of a sphere and a plane through its centre. This is the largest circle that can be drawn on a sphere.

1 (C, Cn) is the horizontal direction in which a vessel is intended to be steered, expressed as angular distance from north clockwise through 360°. Strictly used, the term applies to direction through the water, not the direction intended to be made good over the ground. The course is often designated as true, magnetic, compass, or grid according to the reference direction.

With the advent of automated position fixing and electronic charts, modern navigation is almost completely an electronic process. The mariner is constantly tempted to rely solely on electronic systems. But electronic navigation systems are always subject to failure, and the professional mariner must never forget that the safety of his ship and crew may depend on skills that 1 from those practised generations ago. Proficiency in conventional piloting and celestial navigation remains essential.

1 (DR) determines position by advancing a known position for courses and distances. A position so determined is called a ① (DR) position. It is generally accepted that only course and speed determine the DR position. Correcting the DR position for leeway, current effects, and steering error result in an 2 (EP).

On the spheroidal Earth, the shortest line is called a 1 . A great circle is a near enough approximation to a ① for most problems of navigation.

1 involves navigating in restricted waters with the frequent or constant determination of position relative to nearby 2 and 3 features.

Radar navigation uses radar to determine the 1 from or 2 of objects whose position is known. This process is separate from radar’s use in collision avoidance.

1 uses radio signals from satellites for determining position.

Radar navigation uses radar to determine the 1 from or 2 of objects whose position is known. This process is separate from radar’s use in collision avoidance.

雷達（RADAR），是英文「 1 2 and 3 」（無線電偵測和定距）的縮寫及⾳譯。將電磁能量以定向⽅式發射⾄空間之 中，藉由接收空間內存在物體所反射之電波，可以計算出該物體之⽅向、⾼度、速度、相對距離，並且可以探測物體的形狀。

Radar navigation uses radar to determine the 1 from or 2 of objects whose position is known. This process is separate from radar’s use in collision avoidance.

Electronic systems and integrated bridge concepts are driving navigation system planning. 1 take inputs from various ship sensors, electronically and automatically chart the position, and provide control signals required to maintain a vessel on a preset course. The navigator becomes a system manager, choosing system presets, interpreting system output, and monitoring vessel response.